§930. Anesthetics; authority to administer; penalty

            A. No registered professional nurse shall administer any form of anesthetic to any person under his care unless the following conditions are met:

            (1) The registered nurse has successfully completed the prescribed educational program in a school of anesthesia which is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency approved by the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, or its successor.

            (2) The registered nurse is a registered nurse anesthetist certified by a nationally recognized certifying agency for nurse anesthetists following completion of the educational program referred to in Paragraph (1) of this Subsection and participates in a continuing education program of a nationally approved accreditation agency as from time to time required, which program shall be recognized as the Continuing Education Program for Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists.

            (3) The registered nurse administers anesthetics and ancillary services under the direction and supervision of a physician or dentist who is licensed to practice under the laws of the state of Louisiana.

            B.(1) No registered professional nurse licensed in the state of Louisiana who has been employed to administer anesthetics for six months prior to October 1, 1976, shall be required to meet the requirements set forth in Paragraphs (A)(1) and (2) of this Section, and such registered professional nurse may continue to administer anesthetics provided that such employment is continuous in the state of Louisiana and is not broken for a period of more than one year. However, any registered professional nurse licensed in this state who is employed to administer anesthetics after October 1, 1976, shall be required to meet the requirements of this Section.

            (2) No registered professional nurse licensed in the state of Louisiana administering parenterally a sedative, hypnotic, or analgesic drug in the course of her employment under the supervision and control of a physician or dentist shall be required to meet the requirements set forth in Paragraphs (A)(1) and (2) of this Subsection.

            (3) The requirements set forth in Paragraphs (A)(1) and (2) of this Section shall not apply to a graduate nurse anesthetist awaiting certification results, provided that the application for certification is made as soon as possible upon completion of the prescribed educational program in a school of anesthesia and provided further that this is the initial attempt for passage of the certification exam.

            (4) The requirements set forth in Paragraphs (A)(1) and (2) of this Section shall not apply to an emergency situation as determined by the appropriate supervising physician or dentist.

            (5) No registered professional nurse who on and after October 1, 1976, possesses a permit, a temporary license, or a permanent license to practice nursing in Louisiana in accordance with the provisions of the Nurse Practice Act and who is duly enrolled as a bona fide student pursuing a course in a nurse anesthesia school which is approved by a nationally recognized accrediting body and whose graduates are acceptable for certification by a nationally recognized certifying body shall be required to meet the requirements set forth in Paragraphs (A)(1) and (2) of this Section, insofar as the administering of anesthetics is confined to the educational requirements of the course and under direct supervision of a qualified instructor.

            C. Whoever is found guilty of violating the provisions of this Section shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars, or imprisoned for not more than six months, or both.

            D. Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the injection of local anesthetic agents under the skin or application of topical anesthetic agents by a registered nurse when prescribed by a physician or dentist who is licensed to practice in this state; however, this provision shall not permit a registered nurse to administer local anesthetics perineurally, peridurally, epidurally, intrathecally, or intravenously. This Subsection shall not be applicable to certified registered nurse anesthetists provided for in Subsection A of this Section.

            E. Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the administration of a digital block or a pudendal block by an advanced practice registered nurse who has been trained to administer such procedure in accordance with a collaborative practice agreement.

            F. Notwithstanding any laws to the contrary, a certified registered nurse anesthetist shall not be required to have a collaborative practice agreement or prescriptive authority to provide anesthesia care, including the administration of medications, anesthetics, and ancillary services necessary for the delivery of care within his scope of practice under the direction and supervision of a physician or dentist who is licensed to practice under the laws of the state of Louisiana.

            G.(1) The Louisiana Legislature hereby finds that:

            (a) Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) have been selecting and administering anesthesia in Louisiana and the United States for over one hundred years.

            (b) The specialty of nurse anesthesia was established in the late 1800s as the first clinical nursing specialty.

            (c) Nursing took the lead in formalizing anesthesia practice as a specialty and in providing for specialty education and credentialing in anesthesia practice. During World War I, nurse anesthetists trained both physicians and nurses to provide anesthesia services both at home and abroad.

            (d) Nurse anesthetists alone provided the overwhelming majority of anesthetics up until World War II.

            (e) Nurse anesthetists receive rigorous clinical and academic training, requiring a bachelor's degree from an accredited school of nursing and one year of professional nursing experience in an acute care setting prior to being considered for entrance to an accredited twenty-four to thirty-six month nurse anesthesia educational program.

            (f) CRNAs administer the majority of anesthetics in Louisiana and all of the anesthetics in many parts of the state.

            (g) Multiple studies have demonstrated that CRNAs are safe, accessible, and cost-effective providers of anesthetics.

            (h) CRNAs are critical providers of quality anesthesia services in the health care delivery system in this state.

            (i) An adequate supply of CRNAs in Louisiana is vital to continued access to safe, cost-effective health care for the citizens of Louisiana.

            (j) Anesthesiologist assistants (AAs) are not presently authorized to train or practice in Louisiana and are only recognized in eight states.

            (k) Less than six hundred AAs exist in the United States while over thirty thousand CRNAs are licensed and authorized to practice in every state in the United States.

            (l) CRNAs receive a much higher level of education and training than do AAs.

            (m) After thirty years of existence, only two AA schools exist in the United States while there are ninety-nine CRNA schools.

            (n) CRNAs are trained and legally authorized to administer all types of anesthetics in all settings while AAs are limited by the type of anesthetics they can administer and the settings in which they are authorized to perform their services.

            (2) It is hereby declared that CRNAs are an essential provider of safe, accessible, and cost-effective anesthesia care to the citizens of Louisiana. It is further declared that a sufficient supply of CRNAs in Louisiana is affected with the public interest. It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent to encourage a sufficient ongoing supply of CRNAs in this state and to discourage the creation and authorization of providers of anesthesia not otherwise presently trained and licensed to provide anesthesia. Specifically, it is the intent of the legislature to prevent the introduction of AAs into Louisiana until such time that they are deemed to be viable providers of anesthesia services. The purpose of this Subsection is to carry out that policy in the public interest, providing for the repeal of any provision that provides otherwise.

            (3) No health care provider or other person, other than a certified registered nurse anesthetist, physician, dentist, perfusionist, or other explicitly authorized provider, shall select or administer any form of anesthetic to any person either directly or by delegation unless explicitly authorized by this Title.

            Acts 1976, No. 200, §1. Amended by Acts 1977, No. 131, §1; Acts 1983, No. 322, §1; Acts 2001, No. 721, §1; Acts 2003, No. 1094, §1, eff. July 2, 2003; Acts 2004, No. 279, §1; Acts 2018, No. 206, §3.