§978.1. Judicial review of adjudication

            A.(1) Except as provided in R.S. 15:1171 through 1177, a person who is aggrieved by a final decision or order in an adjudication proceeding is entitled to judicial review under this Chapter whether or not he has applied to the agency for rehearing, without limiting, however, utilization of or the scope of judicial review available under other means of review, redress, relief, or trial de novo provided by law. A preliminary, procedural, or intermediate agency action or ruling is immediately reviewable if review of the final agency decision would not provide an adequate remedy and would inflict irreparable injury.

            (2)(a) No agency or official thereof or other person acting on behalf of an agency or official thereof shall be entitled to judicial review under this Chapter.

            (b) The provisions of Subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph shall not apply to the Department of Children and Family Services or an official thereof or other person acting on behalf of the department or official in appeals brought pursuant to Children's Code Article 616.1.1.

            B. Proceedings for review may be instituted by filing a petition in the district court of the parish in which the agency is located within thirty days after the transmittal of notice of the final decision by the agency or, if a rehearing is requested, within thirty days after the decision thereon. Copies of the petition shall be served upon the agency and all parties of record.

            C. The filing of the petition does not itself stay enforcement of the agency decision. The agency may grant, or the reviewing court may order, a stay ex parte upon appropriate terms, except as otherwise provided by Title 37 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950, relative to professions and occupations. The court may require that the stay be granted in accordance with the local rules of the reviewing court pertaining to injunctive relief and the issuance of temporary restraining orders.

            D. Within thirty days after the service of the petition, or within further time allowed by the court, the agency shall transmit to the reviewing court the original or a certified copy of the entire record of the proceeding under review. By stipulation of all parties to the review proceedings, the record may be shortened. A party unreasonably refusing to stipulate to limit the record may be taxed by the court for the additional costs. The court may require or permit subsequent corrections or additions to the record.

            E. If, before the date set for hearing, application is made to the court for leave to present additional evidence, and it is shown to the satisfaction of the court that the additional evidence is material and that there were good reasons for failure to present it in the proceeding before the agency, the court may order that the additional evidence be taken before the agency upon conditions determined by the court. The agency may modify its findings and decision by reason of the additional evidence and shall file that evidence and any modifications, new findings, or decisions with the reviewing court.

            F. The review shall be conducted by the court without a jury and shall be confined to the record. In cases of alleged irregularities in procedure before the agency, not shown in the record, proof thereon may be taken in the court. The court, upon request, shall hear oral argument and receive written briefs.

            G. The court may affirm the decision of the agency or remand the case for further proceedings. The court may reverse or modify the decision if substantial rights of the appellant have been prejudiced because the administrative findings, inferences, conclusions, or decisions are:

            (1) In violation of constitutional or statutory provisions;

            (2) In excess of the statutory authority of the agency;

            (3) Made upon unlawful procedure;

            (4) Affected by other error of law;

            (5) Arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion; or

            (6) Not supported and sustainable by a preponderance of evidence as determined by the reviewing court. In the application of this rule, the court shall make its own determination and conclusions of fact by a preponderance of evidence based upon its own evaluation of the record reviewed in its entirety upon judicial review. In the application of the rule, where the agency has the opportunity to judge the credibility of witnesses by first-hand observation of demeanor on the witness stand and the reviewing court does not, due regard shall be given to the agency's determination of credibility issues.

            (7) Repealed by Acts 2002, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 89, §3, eff. April 18, 2002.

            Acts 1966, No. 382, §14, eff. July 1, 1967; Acts 1995, No. 1105, §1, eff. June 29, 1995; Acts 1997, No. 128, §1, eff. June 12, 1997; Acts 1997, No. 1216, §2; Acts 1997, No. 1224, §1; H.C.R. No. 89, 1997 R.S., eff. June 2, 1997; Acts 1999, No. 1332, §1, eff. July 12, 1999; Acts 2002, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 89, §3, eff. April 18, 2002; Acts 2012, No. 289, §1, eff. May 25, 2012; Acts 2018, No. 90, §1, eff. May 10, 2018; Acts 2022, No. 663, §1; Redesignated from R.S. 49:964.

            NOTE: R.S. 15:1171-1179 were included in the Unconstitutional Statutes Biennial Report to the Legislature, date March 14, 2016.

            NOTE: Former R.S. 49:978.1 redesignated as R.S. 49:974.1 by Acts 2022, No. 663, §1.